2026-04-19

Problem — 2026-04-19

Easy

Easyprobability

You randomly pick a number from {1,2,…,100}\{1, 2, \ldots, 100\}. What is the probability that it is relatively prime to 100100?

Express as a fraction

Show solution
We need ϕ(100)/100\phi(100)/100 where ϕ\phi is Euler's totient function. Since 100=22⋅52100 = 2^2 \cdot 5^2, we have ϕ(100)=100⋅(1−1/2)(1−1/5)=100⋅12⋅45=40\phi(100) = 100 \cdot (1 - 1/2)(1 - 1/5) = 100 \cdot \frac{1}{2} \cdot \frac{4}{5} = 40. The probability is 40100=25\frac{40}{100} = \frac{2}{5}.